Table 1.
Baseline demographic and laboratory measures
| Pio group |
Met group |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | ADA diet | PC diet | ADA diet |
| Number | 14 | 18 | 16 |
| Age (y) | 59.2±2.5 | 55.7±2.4 | 56.9±2.0 |
| Gender (M/F) | 4/10 | 6/12 | 6/10 |
| Weight (kg) | 98.5±3.4 | 95.3±4.5 | 97.8±3.8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 35.7±1.7 | 34.3±1.4 | 36.4±1.7 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | |||
| Men | 109±6 | 110±7 | 103±5 |
| Women | 113±3 | 102±4 | 114±5 |
| Visceral fat (kg) | |||
| Men | 6.7±1.6 | 8.0±1.3 | 5.2±0.5 |
| Women | 5.6±0.5 | 4.4±0.4 | 5.1±0.5 |
| DEXA: body fat (%) | |||
| Men | 32±3 | 32±4 | 28±3 |
| Women | 45±1 | 42±1 | 45±2 |
| DEXA: body fat (kg) | |||
| Men | 30.7±4.9 | 36.5±6.8 | 27.7±4.6 |
| Women | 43.8±2.4 | 37.9±2.7 | 46.4±3.8 |
| CT | |||
| VAT (kg) | 6.1±0.5 | 6.3±0.5 | 5.4±0.8 |
| Blood pressure (systolic/diastolic)(mm Hg) | 123±4/74±2 | 127±3/80±2 | 124±4/78±2 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 6.2±0.2 | 6.4±0.2 | 6.0±0.2 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 140±8 | 135±5 | 129±6 |
| Insulin (μU/ml) | 19.4±1.8 | 18.8±2.2 | 18.8±2.0 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.66±0.22 | 2.72±0.48 | 2.73±0.29 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 188±9 | 183±6 | 185±10 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 98±8 | 102±6 | 102±8 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 46±3 | 44±2 | 48±2 |
| Triglycerides | 176±23 | 162±17 | 173±23 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 7.1±1.0 | 5.7±0.7 | 6.6±0.8 |
| hs-CRP (mg/l) | 4.75±1.1 | 7.9±2.4 | 6.9±1.1 |
DEXA, dual energy X-ray adsorptiometry; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Data are presented as means±S.E.M. There is no significant treatment effect in post hoc test (with Tukey adjustment).