Table 3.
Regression models with robust standard errors for TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and CRP
| Model | Unadjusted (95% confidence interval) | Adjusted (95% coefidence interval) |
|---|---|---|
| TNF-α(pg/mL) | ||
| Current smoking status (yes) | 1.032 (0.592,1.471) | 1.224 (0.724,1.724) |
| Presence of disease (COPD) (yes) | 0.323 (-0.049,0.696) | 0.110 (-0.457,0.677) |
| Age (years) | -- | 0.018 (-0.009,0.415) |
| Gender (Male) | -- | 0.0005 (-0.6048,0.6049) |
| SpO2 (%) | -- | -0.018 (-0.056,0.019) |
| FFM (kg) | -- | 0.028 (-0.008,0.066) |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | ||
| Current smoking status (yes) | 0.110 (-0.183,0.404) | 0.185 (-0.177,0.547) |
| Presence of disease (COPD) (yes) | 0.621 (0.382,0.861) | 0.270 (-0.028,0.569) |
| Age (years) | -- | 0.019 (-0.001,0.038) |
| Gender (Male) | -- | -0.022 (-0.329,0.284) |
| SpO2 (%) | -- | -0.022 (-0.065,0.021) |
| FFM (kg) | -- | -0.004 (-0.029,0.020) |
| CRP (mg/L) | ||
| Current smoking status (yes) | 0.893 (-2.379,4.165) | 2.447 (-1.025,5.918) |
| Presence of disease (COPD) (yes) | 6.834 (3.673,9.994) | 4.939 (0.958,8.920) |
| Age (years) | -- | 0.175 (0.006,0.344) |
| Gender (Male) | -- | -0.494 (-3.361,2.372) |
| SpO2 (%) | -- | 0.028 (-0.433,0.488) |
| FFM (kg) | -- | 0.141 (-0.018,0.302) |
| IL-8 (pg/mL) | ||
| Current smoking status (yes) | -0.829 (-13.738,12.080) | -3.836 (-19.490,11.818) |
| Presence of disease (COPD) (yes) | 11.479 (-0.889,23.847) | 24.361 (-0.287,49.009) |
| Age (years) | -- | -0.516 (-1.272,0.240) |
| Gender (Male) | -- | -4.121 (-21.129,12.888) |
| SpO2 (%) | -- | 1.205 (-0.842,3.254) |
| FFM (kg) | -- | 0.831 (-2.633,0.799) |
TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: interleukin 6; IL-8: interleukin 8; CRP: C-reactive protein; SpO2: peripheral saturation; FFM: fat free mass.
Multiple regression with robust standard erros for the analysis of association of current smoking status and presence (COPD) on systemic inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and IL-8). The first column shows models without adjustment and the second column shows models with adjustment.