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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bioconjug Chem. 2010 Feb 4;21(3):445–455. doi: 10.1021/bc900328j

Figure 1.

Figure 1

PNA-Based Vehicle Formulation Design. (A) The linker peptide (circles; see detailed expansion in [B]) was bound to the PNA (“Y”s) by the reaction of the cysteine thiol with the terminal PNA maleimide (i). Then, succinimidyl-PEG chains (grey squiggles) were bound to the amines on the peptide N-terminus and lysine residues (ii). The PNA-peptide-PEG conjugates were purified and then bound to GWiz plasmid DNA (black scribble) via sequence-specific hydrogen bonding interactions (iii). The final DNA-PNA-peptide-PEG (DP3) conjugate was purified, and 25 kDa branched PEI (+) was added to complex the DNA (iv). (B) Detailed structures of the components of the DP3 conjugates. Figure not to scale.