Table 2.
Difference in adiposity/metabolic variables per 100 increase in counts per min of physical activity for boys, girls and for both sexes combined, with additional adjustment for sum of skinfold thicknesses
| Variable | Boys or girls | Combined | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys (n = 979) | Girls (n = 1,070) | p value (sex interaction) | Boys and girls (n = 2,049) | p value (linear trend) | Difference in z score (95% CI) | % difference (95% CI) + adj for SoS | p value (linear trend + adj for SoS) | |
| Ponderal index (kg/m3)a | −3.44 (−4.39, −2.47) | −3.47 (−4.53, −2.40) | 0.96 | −3.45 (−4.18, −2.71) | <0.0001 | −0.21 (−0.26, −0.17) | – | – |
| Waist circumference (cm)a | −2.83 (−3.64, −2.02) | −3.34 (−4.23, −2.45) | 0.39 | −3.06 (−3.67, −2.44) | <0.0001 | −0.22 (−0.27, −0.18) | – | – |
| Sum of skinfold thicknesses (mm) a | −12.27 (−14.79, −9.67) | −12.05 (−14.85, −9.16) | 0.91 | −12.16 (−14.11, −10.18) | <0.0001 | −0.26 (−0.31, −0.22) | – | – |
| Fat mass index (kg/m5)a | −9.81 (−12.13, −7.43) | −9.65 (−12.23, −6.99) | 0.93 | −9.74 (−11.52, −7.92) | <0.0001 | −0.23 (−0.28, −0.19) | – | – |
| Insulin (pmol/l)a | −8.50 (−11.98, −4.88) | −12.14 (−15.77, −8.34) | 0.15 | −10.16 (−12.80, −7.45) | <0.0001 | −0.17 (−0.21, −0.12) | −3.02 (−5.58, −0.41) | 0.02 |
| Insulin resistance a | −8.26 (−11.73, −4.66) | −12.43 (−16.04, −8.67) | 0.09 | −10.17 (−12.79, −7.48) | <0.0001 | −0.17 (−0.21, −0.12) | −3.16 (−5.70, −0.55) | 0.02 |
| Triacylglycerol (mmol/l) a | −5.55 (−7.82, −3.22) | −6.03 (−8.49, −3.50) | 0.78 | −5.77 (−7.51, −3.99) | <0.0001 | −0.15 (−0.20, −0.10) | −3.13 (−4.90, −1.33) | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/l)a | −16.41 (−23.06, −9.18) | −22.54 (−29.32, −15.11) | 0.21 | −19.20 (−24.18, −13.90) | <0.0001 | −0.16 (−0.21, −0.11) | −2.59 (−7.86, 2.99) | 0.36 |
| Glucose (mmol/l)b | −0.02 (−0.04, 0.00) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.74 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.00) | 0.08 | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.01) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.70 |
| HbA1c (%)b | −0.03 (−0.05, 0.00) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | 0.19 | −0.02 (−0.03, 0.00) | 0.04 | −0.05 (−0.09, 0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.51 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)b | −0.01 (−0.06, 0.03) | −0.07 (−0.11, −0.02) | 0.10 | −0.04 (−0.07, −0.01) | 0.02 | −0.06 (−0.11, −0.01) | −0.02 (−0.05, 0.01) | 0.24 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)b | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.04) | 0.26 | 0.02 (0.01, 0.04) | 0.004 | 0.07 (0.02, 0.12) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.98 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg)b | −0.26 (−0.89, 0.38) | −0.75 (−1.46, −0.04) | 0.31 | −0.48 (−0.97, 0.02) | 0.06 | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.00) | 0.26 (−0.22, 0.75) | 0.29 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg)b | −0.70 (−1.25, −0.14) | −1.47 (−2.09, −0.85) | 0.07 | −1.04 (−1.47, −0.61) | <0.0001 | −0.11 (−0.16, −0.06) | −0.51 (−0.94, −0.08) | 0.02 |
Values are aper cent or babsolute difference (95% CI); participants n = 2,049 for anthropometry, blood pressure and physical activity variables, n = 1,853 for CRP and n = 1,812 for blood analytes
Analyses were adjusted for sex, age in quartiles, ethnicity, month, observer (physical measurements and BP) and random effect for school; additional adjustments were made for sum of skinfold thicknesses