Table 1.

Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for associations between parental distress and adolescent psychosocial maladjustment variables

	Internalizing disorders			Externalizing disorders
	Both	Psychological distress	Suicide attempt	Both	Conduct disorders	Oppositional attitudes
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Entire group
Parental psychological distress
Low	1	1	1	1	1	1
Moderate	1.46* (1.07–2.00)	1.27 (0.93–1.73)	1.98 (0.89–4.37)	1.60** (1.20–2.13)	1.45* (1.07–1.97)	2.00** (1.22–3.28)
High	1.85*** (1.36–2.52)	1.78*** (1.31–2.42)	2.64* (1.21–5.74)	2.06*** (1.54–2.76)	1.68** (1.24–2.29)	3.41*** (2.12–5.48)
13–year age group
Parental psychological distress
Low	1	1	1	1	1	1
Moderate	1.20 (0.80–1.80)	1.01 (0.67–1.52)	1.73 (0.57–5.19)	1.43 (0.95–2.16)	1.18 (0.76–1.84)	2.21* (1.11–4.38)
High	1.38 (0.92–2.07)	1.34 (0.89–2.00)	2.53 (0.88–7.27)	2.00** (1.33–3.00)	1.55* (1.00–2.41)	4.45*** (2.33–8.50)
16-year age group
Parental psychological distress
Low	1	1	1	1	1	1
Moderate	2.03** (1.22–3.37)	1.84* (1.10–3.05)	2.28 (0.71–7.33)	1.84** (1.22–2.77)	1.77** (1.16–2.71)	1.85 (0.90–3.80)
High	2.80*** (1.70–4.60)	2.72*** (1.65–4.47)	2.77 (0.86–8.96)	2.22*** (1.46–3.37)	1.87** (1.20–2.90)	2.51* (1.23–5.12)

Controlling for age, gender and the family’s socioeconomic status in the entire group and for the latter two parameters in each age group separately

CI confidence interval