. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2009 Jul 10;71(7):704–714. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181ac9bce

Table 4.

Results of 2-Stage Growth Curve and Survival Analysis, and Characteristics of Samples in the Three Groups.

Groups	Stable (N = 253)	Down (N = 253)	Up (N = 253)
Adjusted HR (95% CI)	1.0	1.22 (.95 – 1.56)	1.70^*** (1.35 – 2.15)
Median # Months of Survival	150.93	127.27	102.43
CES-D Slope	.42 ± .23^a	-1.06 ± 1.94^a	2.32 ± 2.02^a
No. (%) of Deaths	154 (60.9)	162 (64.0)	194 (76.7)
Age (years) at Death	89.52 ± 4.68	88.71 ± 5.04	88.23 ± 5.37^*
Baseline Characteristics
Age (years) at Baseline	79.49 ± 4.46	80.34 ± 4.57^*	81.00 ± 4.42^***
% Women	62.1	64.4	70.8
Baseline CES-D	16.87 ± 4.70	20.08 ± 5.84^b	17.23 ± 4.95
Chronic Illnesses
Hypertension	34.4%	30.8%	35.6%
Coronary Heart Disease	24.1%	26.9%	29.2%
Diabetes Mellitus	6.3%	7.1%	9.5%
Cancer	7.1%	8.7%	9.1%
Stroke	1.6%	5.1%	5.1%
Hyperlipidemia	28.9%	23.7%	23.3%

Note: 120 participants had only one assessment of CES-D, therefore no slope was computed.

p < .001, all three groups were significantly different from each other.

p < .001, compared to either “Stable” or “Up” groups in terms of baseline CES-D scores.

p < .05, compared to “Stable” group;

^**

p < .01, compared to “Stable” group;

^***

p < .001, compared to “Stable” group.