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. 2010 Jun 18;172(1):4–9. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwq119

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American Journal of Epidemiology © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cancer risk by site across categories of circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (nmol/L), Cohort Consortium Vitamin D Pooling Project of Rarer Cancers. Odds ratios were derived from conditional logistic regression models. Reference category: 50–<75 nmol/L 25(OH)D. A, kidney cancer adjusted for education, body mass index, height, smoking status at blood draw, history of high blood pressure at blood draw, history of diabetes at blood draw, and alcohol use at blood draw. B, non-Hodgkin lymphoma adjusted for height (≤165, >165–171, >171–177.781, >177.781 cm). C, upper gastrointestinal (combined esophageal and gastric) cancers adjusted for alcohol, smoking, education, and history of gastric surgery. D, pancreatic cancer adjusted for body mass index (<18.5, 18.5–<25.0, 25.0–<30.0, 30.0–<35.0, ≥35.0 kg/m² (WHO categories), missing), smoking (never, former quit ≥15 years ago, former quit 1–<15 years ago, former quit <1 year or currently smoking <20 cigarettes per day, and former quit <1 year or currently smoking ≥20 cigarettes per day), and diabetes (yes, no, missing). The highest category of vitamin D and association with pancreatic cancer is statistically significant (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 3.64). E, endometrial cancer adjusted for education (less than high school, completed high school, vocational school, some college, college graduate, graduate studies, missing), menopausal status (pre-, peri-, post-, missing), age at menarche (<13, ≥13 years of age, missing), parity (0, 1, 2, 3, ≥4, missing), oral contraceptive use (never, ever, missing), hormone replacement therapy (never, ever, missing), smoking (never, former, current, missing), history of high blood pressure (yes, no, missing), history of diabetes (yes, no, missing), and body mass index (<25, 25–<30, ≥30 kg/m², missing). F, ovarian cancer adjusted for duration of oral contraceptive use and number of pregnancies. CI, confidence interval; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; WHO, World Health Organization.