Table 2.

Selected Characteristics of Cases and Controls in the Investigation of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Within the Cohort Consortium Vitamin D Pooling Project of Rarer Cancers

	Cases (N = 1,065)			Controls (N = 1,066)
Characteristic	No.	%	Median (Interquartile Range)	No.	%	Median (Interquartile Range)	P Valuea
Age at blood draw, years			61 (55–67)			61 (55–66)	Matched
Sex
Female	290	27		290	27		Matched
Male	775	73		776	73
Race/ethnic group
Caucasian	647	61		649	61		Matched
Black	30	3		30	3
Asian	350	33		349	33
Other	35	3		36	3
Missing	3	<1		2	<1
Cigarette smoking
Never	305	29		344	32		0.0001
Quit >15 years ago	85	8		107	10
Quit 10–15 years ago	62	6		40	4
Quit 1–<10 years ago	39	4		28	3
Current, <20 cigarettes/day	214	20		250	23
Current, ≥20 cigarettes/day	352	33		291	27
Missing	8	<1		6	<1
Alcohol intake, g/day
None	406	38		426	40		0.13
>0–14	284	27		316	30
>14–28	120	11		120	11
>28	153	14		122	11
Missing	102	10		82	8
Education
Less than high school	440	41		384	36		0.0062
Completed high school	157	15		164	15
Vocational school	211	10		202	19
Some college	160	15		186	18
College graduate	47	4		71	7
Graduate studies	40	4		51	5
Missing	10	1		8	1
Body mass index, kg/m2			25.3 (22.9–28.2)			25.3 (23.1–28.1)	0.51
History of gastric surgery
No	620	58		758	71		0.0003
Yes	41	4		16	2
Missing	404	38		292	27
Season of blood draw
Winter	560	53		556	52		0.55
Summer	505	47		510	48
Serum 25(OH)D concentration, nmol/L			39.4 (26.3–56.1)			39.1 (25.8–56.7)	0.90
Serum 25(OH)D concentration category, nmol/L
<25	241	22.7		252	23.6		0.97
25–<37.5	248	23.2		239	22.4
37.5–<50	224	21.0		223	20.9
50–<75	249	23.4		252	23.6
75–<100	83	7.8		77	7.2
≥100	20	1.9		23	2.2

Abbreviation: 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

^aWald test from conditional logistic regression, excluding subjects with missing data.