Table 1.

Characterization of the experimental models and of the MS tissues used

Experimental models/MS tissue	Description	No. of animals/cases	No. of lesions
T-cell EAE	T-cell inflammation, macrophage activation, edema	3 per time point	108
T-cell EAE +MOG Ab	T-cell inflammation, macrophage activation, blood brain barrier damage, demyelination (antibody + complement deposition)	5	30
T-cell EAE +NMO Ab	T-cell inflammation, macrophage activation, blood brain barrier damage, primary astrocytic destruction (antibody + complement deposition) (secondary demyelination)	4	24
Active EAE +NMO Ab	As T-cell EAE + NMO antibodies, but protracted active disease and blood brain barrier damage	3	15
LPS	Active phase of inflammation (granulocytes, few T cells) followed by microglia activation, macrophage recruitment and demyelination	3 per time point	42
Saline	Transient mild acute inflammation (granulocytes)	6	12
MS pattern III	Inflammatory demyelination, axonal injury, hypoxia-like tissue injury, mitochondrial damage	6	21
MS pattern II	Inflammatory demyelination, axonal injury, deposition of immunoglobulin + activated complement	2	14
Progressive MS (slowly expanding)	Moderate inflammation, slowly progressive demyelination, axonal injury, T cells + macrophages/microglia	5	11