Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.
| Study Details | Subjects | PRT Intervention Details | Outcomes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author, year | Design | Treatment Size(n) |
Age (yr) |
Gender | Duration (weeks) |
Intensity (%1RM) |
Volume (per exercise) |
Frequency (per wk) |
1RM Strength Measures |
| Ades, 1996 | RCT | 6 | 70 | M | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| 6 | 70 | F | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE | ||
| Ades, 2003 | RCT | 19 | 73 | F | 24 | 80 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| Ades, 2005 | RCT | 21 | 73 | F | 24 | 80 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| Bailor, 1996 | non-RCT | 9 | 61 | Combined (4M, 5F) | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| Bautmans, 2005 | non-RCT | 31 | 69 | Combined (10M,21F) | 6 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| Bemben, 2000 | RCT | 10 | 51 | F | 24 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, Lat, & KE |
| 7 | 52 | F | 24 | 40 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, Lat, & KE | ||
| Beniamini, 1999 | RCT | 18 | 59 | Combined (13M, 5F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | CP, Lat, LP, KE |
| Binder, 2005 | RCT | 23 | 83 | M | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, Lat, & KE |
| 27 | 83 | F | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, Lat, & KE | ||
| Bottaro, 2007 | non-RCT | 11 | 67 | M | 10 | 60 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP |
| 9 | 66 | M | 10 | 60 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| Brochu, 2002 | RCT | 13 | 70 | F | 24 | 80 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| Campbell, 1994 | non-RCT | 12 | 65 | Combined (8M, 4F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP, KE, & Lat |
| Candow, 2006 | non-RCT | 29 | 59–76 | M | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| Castaneda, 2001 | RCT | 14 | 65 | Combined (8M, 6F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| de Vos, 2005 | RCT | 28 | 69 | Combined (11M, 17F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 28 | 68 | Combined (11M, 17F) | 12 | 50 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| 28 | 69 | Combined (11M, 17F) | 12 | 20 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Fatouros, 2005 | RCT | 14 | 71 | M | 24 | 40 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | Lat, KE |
| 12 | 70 | M | 24 | 60 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | Lat, KE | ||
| 14 | 71 | M | 24 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | Lat, KE | ||
| Fatouros, 2006 | RCT | 14 | 71 | M | 24 | 40 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| 12 | 70 | M | 24 | 60 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| 14 | 71 | M | 24 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| Figueroa, 2003 | RCT | 20 | 55 | F | 52 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP & Lat |
| 24 | 57 | F | 52 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP & Lat | ||
| Galvao, 2005 | non-RCT | 12 | 69 | Combined (7M, 5F) | 20 | 80 | 1 set | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 16 | 70 | Combined (10M, 6F) | 20 | 80 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Greiwe, 2001 | RCT | 8 | 82 | Combined (4M, 4F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| Hartman, 2007 | non-RCT | 29 | 67 | Combined (not reported) | 26 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP |
| Haub, 2002 | non-RCT | 10 | 63 | M | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 11 | 67 | M | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Haykowsky, 2000 | RCT | 10 | 68 | M | 16 | 70 | 1 set | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| Haykowsky, 2005 | RCT | 10 | 70 | F | 12 | 65 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 10 | 68 | F | 12 | 65 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Henwood, 2006 | RCT | 23 | 71 | Combined (9M, 14F) | 8 | 60 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 22 | 70 | Combined (11M, 11F) | 8 | 75 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| 15 | 69 | Combined (6M, 9F) | 8 | 60 | 3 sets | 1 session | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Holviala, 2006 | non-RCT | 22 | 64 | F | 21 | 70 | 4 sets | 2 sessions | LP |
| Humphries, 2000 | non-RCT | 21 | 50 | F | 24 | 75 | 6 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP |
| 14 | 58 | F | 24 | 75 | 6 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| Hurlbut, 2002 | non-RCT | 12 | 71 | M | 24 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP & Lat |
| 9 | 68 | F | 24 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP & Lat | ||
| Ibanez, 2005 | non-RCT | 9 | 67 | M | 16 | 70 | 4 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP |
| Igwebuike, 2008 | RCT | 17 | 65 | F | 12 | 75 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| 14 | 65 | F | 12 | 75 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| Izquierdo, 2001 | non-RCT | 11 | 64 | M | 16 | 70 | 4 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP |
| 11 | 64 | M | 16 | 70 | 4 sets | 2 sessions | LP & CP | ||
| Izquierdo, 2003 | non-RCT | 11 | 64 | M | 16 | 70 | 4 sets | 2 sessions | LP |
| Kalapotharakos, 2005 | RCT | 11 | 65 | Combined (4M, 7F) | 12 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP, Lat, & KE |
| Kraemer, 1999 | non-RCT | 9 | 62 | M | 10 | 75 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP |
| Lemmer, 2001 | non-RCT | 11 | 69 | M | 24 | 75 | 1 set | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| 10 | 68 | F | 24 | 75 | 1 set | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE | ||
| Lemmer, 2007 | non-RCT | 21 | 70 | Combined (11M, 10F) | 24 | 75 | 1 set | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| Miszko, 2003 | RCT | 13 | 55 | Combined (6M, 7F) | 16 | 75 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| Panton, 2001 | RCT | 11 | 67 | Combined (5M, 6F) | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | CP & KE |
| Pu, 2001 | RCT | 9 | 77 | F | 10 | 80 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, & KE |
| Reeves, 2003 | RCT | 9 | 74 | Combined (4M, 5F) | 14 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP & KE |
| Reynolds, 2007 | non-RCT | 13 | 66 | Combined (6M, 7F) | 16 | 75 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP & CP |
| Roth, 2001 | non-RCT | 9 | 69 | M | 24 | 75 | l set | 3 sessions | CP |
| 10 | 68 | F | 24 | 75 | l set | 3 sessions | CP | ||
| Sharman, 2001 | RCT | 7 | 66 | M | 24 | 75 | 6 sets | 2 sessions | LP |
| 7 | 65 | F | 24 | 75 | 6 sets | 2 sessions | LP | ||
| Stewart, 2005 | RCT | 51 | 63 | Combined (25M, 26F) | 24 | 50 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | LP, CP, Lat, KE |
| Sward, 2001 | RCT | 28 | 74 | Combined (6M, 22F) | 12 | 75 | l set | 3 sessions | KE |
| Tarnopolsky, 2007 | non-RCT | 8 | 75 | M | 24 | 75 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, & KE |
| 10 | 68 | F | 24 | 75 | 3 sets | 2 sessions | LP, CP, & KE | ||
| Tsutsumi, 1997 | RCT | 13 | 68 | Combined (10M, 3F) | 12 | 80 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP&KE |
| 14 | 69 | Combined (11M, 3F) | 12 | 60 | 2 sets | 3 sessions | CP&KE | ||
| Welle, 1995 | non-RCT | 5 | 67 | M | 12 | 70 | 3 sets | 3 sessions | KE & Lat |