Table 1.
Weight-adjusted means and standard deviations of muscle contractile properties within each group during elicited retrusive actions of the tongue.
| Maximum twitch force (g) |
Twitch contraction time (ms) |
Half decay time (ms) |
Tetanic force (g) | Fatigue index (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD |
| Young | 24.55 | 6.8 | 11.75a | 0.7a | 46.63 | 5.5 | 64.27 | 17.3 | 73.84 | 8.2 |
| Old | 27.24 | 4.7 | 13.68 | 1.1 | 49.68 | 5.0 | 71.5 | 18.1 | 74.50 | 10.3 |
| F (dfs) | 0.39 (1, 10) | 10.53 (1, 10) | 0.69 (1, 10) | 0.30 (1, 10) | 0.01 (1, 10) | |||||
Note. Group means, standard deviations, F values (and degrees of freedom [dfs]) for analyses of covariance are shown.
a
Significantly different (p < .05).