Table 1.
Demographics and Episode Characteristics
| Bystander witnessed | Unwitnessed | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Treated Cardiac Arrest | EMS Witnessed | Bystander CPR | No bystander CPR | Bystander CPR | No bystander CPR | p-value | |
| Total | 9991 | 1022 | 1898 | 2206 | 1471 | 3394 | |
| Age (years) | 66.3 (16.9) | 67.6 (16.4) | 65.8 (16) | 68 (15.8) | 64.2 (18.3) | 66.1 (17.3) | <0.001 |
| Age (range) | (18,106) | (19,100) | (18,105) | (18,106) | (18,103) | (18,103) | |
| Female | 3642 (37%) | 426 (42%) | 620 (33%) | 730 (33%) | 590 (40%) | 1276 (38%) | <0.001 |
| Sex unknown or missing1 | 13 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (0.3%) | 1 (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | 5 (0.1%) | |
| Public location2 | 1608 (16%) | 134 (13%) | 545 (29%) | 374 (17%) | 190 (13%) | 365 (11%) | <0.001 |
| Location unknown or missing1,2 | 7 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (0.0%) | |
| 9-1-1 to arrival3 median (range in min) | 5.4 (0,2877) | 5.7 (0,2874) | 5.5 (0.1,2874) | 5.4 (0,2876) | 5.5 (0,2877) | 5.2 (0,2876) | <0.001 |
| 9-1-1 to arrival time missing1,3 | 339 (3.4%) | 43 (4.2%) | 64 (3.4%) | 68 (3.1%) | 45 (3.1%) | 119 (3.5%) | |
| Epinephrine used | 7396 (80%) | 649 (69%) | 1438 (82%) | 1668 (81%) | 1139 (83%) | 2502 (80%) | <0.001 |
| Epinephrine use unknown or missing1 | 729 (7.3%) | 86 (8.4%) | 137 (7.2%) | 155 (7.0%) | 102 (6.9%) | 249 (7.3%) | |
Age presented as mean (SD), 9-1-1 to arrival time presented as median (range), other variables presented as N (%). P-values are ANOVA for means, chi square for percentages and Mood test for medians.
1
Missing is percent of total- all others are percent of reported.
2
Does not include residence, residential institution, or healthcare facility,
3
Reported dispatch time to arrival of first vehicle on-scene.