Table 3.
Generalized arteriolar width (CRAE quintile) and incidence and hazard ratios (95% CIs) of ischemic stroke subtypes, ARIC, 1993-2005
| Generalized arteriolar width (CRAE quintile) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| trend p | HR1 | ||||||
| Ischemic stroke subtype | Q5 | Q4 | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 | ||
| Lacunar | |||||||
| Number of cases | 7 | 12 | 17 | 10 | 20 | ||
| Person-years | 22,598 | 22,617 | 22,134 | 22,107 | 22,048 | ||
| Incidence rate* | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.9 | ||
| Minimally-adjusted† | 1 (reference) | 2.15 (0.84-5.53) | 3.70 (1.49-9.21) | 2.68 (0.97-7.40) | 7.06 (2.69-18.49) | <0.001 | 1.85 (1.38-2.48)§ |
| Multivariate-adjusted‡ | 1 (reference) | 1.95 (0.75-5.03) | 3.31 (1.32-8.30) | 2.19 (0.78-6.12) | 5.21 (1.92-14.13) | 0.0014 | 1.67 (1.23-2.26)§ |
| Nonlacunar thrombotic | |||||||
| Number of cases | 37 | 28 | 38 | 46 | 43 | ||
| Person-years | 22,598 | 22,617 | 22,134 | 22,107 | 22,048 | ||
| Incidence rate* | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.0 | ||
| Minimally-adjusted† | 1 (reference) | 0.76 (0.46-1.25) | 1.08 (0.67-1.73) | 1.35 (0.85-2.15) | 1.36 (0.82-2.25) | 0.065 | 1.18 (0.99-1.40) |
| Multivariate-adjusted‡ | 1 (reference) | 0.73 (0.44-1.19) | 1.00 (0.62-1.61) | 1.22 (0.76-1.96) | 1.05 (0.62-1.77) | 0.4 | 1.07 (0.90-1.28) |
| Cardioembolic | |||||||
| Number of cases | 18 | 20 | 15 | 12 | 15 | ||
| Person-years | 22,598 | 22,617 | 22,134 | 22,107 | 22,048 | ||
| Incidence rate* | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | ||
| Minimally-adjusted† | 1 (reference) | 1.19 (0.63-2.28) | 0.99 (0.49-2.02) | 0.87 (0.40-1.89) | 1.25 (0.57-2.74) | 0.8 | 1.05 (0.81-1.36) |
| Multivariate-adjusted‡ | 1 (reference) | 1.06 (0.55-2.03) | 0.85 (0.41-1.74) | 0.67 (0.31-1.45) | 0.78 (0.35-1.76) | 0.3 | 0.89 (0.68-1.17) |
HR denotes hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; CRAE, central retinal artery equivalent.
Incidence rate is expressed as rate per 1,000 person-years.
Minimally-adjusted model includes age, sex, race and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE).
Multivariate model includes age, sex, race, CRVE, smoking status, usual alcohol consumption, physical activity, education level, antihypertensive medication, prevalent diabetes, waist circumference, and HDL cholesterol all assessed at visit 3, and mean systolic blood pressure assessed at visit 1 and 3.
Trend test was performed by assigning the median value of each quintile to corresponding individuals and treating it as a continuous variable in the model. HR1: HR per 1 standard deviation (16.7 μm) decrement of CRAE.
HR1 for lacunar stroke significantly stronger than for nonlacunar (p=0.03) or cardioembolic (p=0.005) by competing risks analysis.