Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics of the First-Episode Psychosis Sample by Ethnic Groups, N (%)
| Ethnic Groups |
|||||
| Demographic Characteristic | White, n = 121 | Black, n = 31 | Asian,an = 25 | Other,bn = 22 | Chi-square or Analysis of Variance Test (P Value) |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 95 (60.9) | 26 (16.7) | 17 (10.9) | 18 (11.5) | χ2 = 2.297, df = 3, P = .513 |
| Female | 26 (60.5) | 5 (11.6) | 8 (18.6) | 4 (9.3) | |
| Mean age, y (SD) | 24.1 (6.7) | 24.2 (4.8) | 26.8 (8.7) | 22.6 (5.3) | F = 1.718, df = 3, P = .165 |
| Marital status | χ2 = 11.218, df = 6, P = .082 | ||||
| Married | 11 (68.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (25.0) | 1 (6.3) | |
| Separated /divorced | 3 (30.0) | 4 (40.0) | 2 (20.0) | 1 (10.0) | |
| Single/never married | 107 (61.8) | 27 (15.6) | 19 (11.0) | 20 (11.6) | |
| Highest educationc | χ2 = 11.561, df = 6, P = .073 | ||||
| Less than high school | 42 (60.9) | 15 (21.7) | 4 (5.8) | 8 (11.6) | |
| Completed high school | 29 (61.7) | 8 (17.0) | 4 (8.5) | 6 (12.8) | |
| Any post secondary | 50 (61.0) | 8 (9.8) | 17 (20.7) | 7 (8.5) | |
| Employment status | χ2 = 8.599, df = 9, P = .475 | ||||
| Full time | 40 (60.6) | 14 (21.2) | 6 (9.1) | 6 (9.1) | |
| Part-time regular | 26 (61.9) | 4 (9.5) | 7 (16.7) | 5 (11.9) | |
| Part-time casual | 4 (33.3) | 4 (33.3) | 2 (16.7) | 2 (16.7) | |
| No job | 46 (63.0) | 9 (12.3) | 10 (13.7) | 8 (11.0) | |
| DSM-IV diagnosisd | |||||
| Schizophrenia | 53 (55.8) | 21 (22.1) | 9 (9.5) | 12 (12.6) | χ2 = 7.266, df = 3, P = .065b |
| Schizophreniform | 19 (57.6) | 3 (9.1) | 7 (21.2) | 4 (12.1) | |
| Schizoaffective | 15 (75.0) | 2 (10.0) | 2 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
| Delusional disorder | 5 (71.4) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Brief psychotic disorder | 4 (80.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (20.1) | |
| Psychosis NOS | 23 (62.2) | 4 (10.8) | 6 (16.2) | 4 (10.8) | |
| Sitee | |||||
| Hamilton | 25 (73.5) | 1 (2.9) | 6 (17.6) | 2 (5.9) | χ2 = 35.524, df = 9, P > .001 |
| London | 41 (73.2) | 3 (5.4) | 1 (1.8) | 11 (19.6) | |
| Ottawa | 17 (68.0) | 3 (12.0) | 3 (12.0) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Toronto | 38 (45.2) | 24 (28.6) | 15 (17.9) | 7 (8.3) | |
The Asian groups included participant who identified themselves as West Asian 5 (2.5%), Southeast Asian 5 (2.5%), Chinese 4 (2%), Japanese 3 (1.5%), Filipino 3 (1.5%), South Asian 2 (1.0%), Korean 2 (1.0%), and Arab 1 (0.5%).
The other ethnicities group included participants who identified themselves as Latin American 8 (4.0%), First Nations and Aboriginal 5 (2.5%), and ethnicities not listed as a choice: Tibetan, Moroccan, Chinese/Trinidadian, West Indian, Guyanese, West Indian/Guyanese, Ethiopian, Croatian, and Somalian.
For the statistical analysis involving education, ethnicity was reclassified as white vs black vs all other categories to avoid cells with less than 5 expected values.
For the statistical analysis involving diagnosis, the diagnoses were reclassified as schizophrenia vs all other schizophrenia-spectrum disorders to avoid cells with less than 5 expected values.
For the statistical analysis involving site, ethnicity was reclassified as white vs all other categories to avoid cells with less than 5 expected values.