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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Mar 23.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Nano. 2010 Mar 23;4(3):1279–1287. doi: 10.1021/nn901297q

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Receptor, or surface feature, targeting strategies and pitfalls. CPNPs were designed to target transferrin receptors (CD71) or gastrin receptors via antibody or ligand coupling via non-covalent (avidin-biotin interactions) and covalent (PEG linker) coupling strategies. Receptor-targeted CPNPs utilizing coupled-antibodies may interact via epitopes separate from ligand-binding sites. Ligand-coupled CPNPs may interact with the receptor, however interference can occur in the form of steric hindrance (avidin or particle interferes with interaction), or ligand competition with the natural ligand.