Table 1. Summary of HIV Prevention Interventions for Women Prisoners.

Study	Sample Size	Comparison Group	Sites	Design/Purpose	Outcome Measures	Results
Magura, Kang, Shapiro, & O'Day (1995). “Rikers Health Advocacy Project”	N = 101	Yes	NY	Designed to reduce HIV risk. Consisted of baseline interview, followed by health education module and then evaluation. Comparison group did not receive health education.	Reduced drug use, and needle-sharing. More condom use and use of sterile needles. Fewer sexual partners.	After 7 months, the 2 groups reported no significant differences in drug use, condom use, multiple partners, or drug treatment.
El-Bassel, Ivanoff, Schilling, Borne, & Gilbert (1997). El-Bassel et al. (1995) “Project Worth”	N = 145	Yes	NY	Aimed to enhance coping and social support skills for women with recent drug use. Experimental design. Intervention group was compared to other inmates with access to standard HIV risk-reduction intervention.	Increased rates of safer sex, coping, risk awareness, perceived emotional support, sexual self-efficacy, and HIV knowledge.	At 1-month follow-up, intervention group had higher rates of safer sex, coping skills, and perceived emotional support compared to other inmates. No differences were identified between groups on risk awareness, sexual self-efficacy, or HIV knowledge.
St. Lawrence et al. (1997)	N = 90	Yes	MS	Compared 2 theory-based interventions to reduce HIV risk and to enhance communication and self-esteem: Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) vs. Gender Power Theory (GPT).	Increased condom use, communication skills, self-esteem, HIV knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy.	The SCT group showed better condom-use skills than the comparison group. The GPT group was more committed to change. Both groups showed improvements on all 6 outcome measures at 6-month follow-up.
Pomeroy, Kiam, & Abel (1999)	N = 87	Yes	TX	Designed to reduce HIV-related anxiety, depression, and trauma symptoms in HIV-infected and affected women. Pre- and post-test design to evaluate effectiveness of a social work program to reduce symptoms.	Reduced anxiety, depression, and trauma as measured by standardized psychological scales.	Significant differences between experimental and comparison groups for depression, anxiety, and trauma with experimental group scoring lower than comparisons on all 3 measures in post-tests at end of the intervention.
Havens et al. (2009) “RRR-HIV”	N = 162	No	RI	Randomized trial at 4 sites consisting of 5 sessions in prison and 1 community-based session. Aimed to reduce risky sexual relationship myths among women.	Successful implementation for adherence, implementation, acceptability, and protocol fidelity between sites.	High degree of adherence to the protocol, implementation and retention across sites, rapport between interventionists and participants, and understanding the materials. Results of the intervention were unavailable.
			CT
			DE
			KY

NY = New York, MS = Mississippi, TX = Texas, RI = Rhode Island, CT = Connecticut, DE = Delaware, KY = Kentucky