Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
| Group; mean (SD)* |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Schizophrenia, n = 12 | Mood disorder, n = 12 | Healthy control, n = 17 |
| Age, yr, mean (SD) [range] | 16.2 (2.5) [12.1–19.7] | 14.9 (1.9) [12.9–17.9] | 15.9 (2.1) [12.1–19.1] |
| Head circumference, mm | 561.0 (14.8) | 531.5 (15.6) | 555.5 (27.2) |
| Intracranial volume, mm3 | 1341.8 (108.6) | 1235.7 (142.1) | 1365.7 (167.4) |
| Male, no. (%) of participants | 9 (75) | 4 (33) | 10 (59) |
| Nonwhite, no. (%) of participants | 6 (50) | 3 (25) | 8 (47) |
| Age at onset, yr | 13.55 (4.27) | 12.83 (2.79) | — |
| Duration of illness, yr | 2.60 (2.67) | 2.03 (1.81) | — |
| Previous hospitalizations, no. | 1.09 (1.58) | 0.50 (0.67) | — |
| Medication history, no. (%) of participants | — | ||
| Previous typical antipsychotic | 7 (58) | 0 | |
| Previous risperidone | 8 (67) | 4 (33) | |
| Previous olanzapine | 6 (50) | 3 (25) | |
| Previous other atypical antipsychotic | 0 | 1 (8) | |
| Previous antidepressant medications | 6 (50) | 6 (50) | |
| Previous mood stabilizer | 2 (17) | 1 (8) | |
| Symptom severity | — | ||
| Childhood psychiatric rating scale, positive symptoms | 29.45 (1.37) | 31.42 (6.44) | |
| Childhood psychiatric rating scale, negative symptoms | 24.18 (14.53) | 19.08 (12.72) | |
| Brief psychiatric rating for children, total score | 73.2 (14.7) | 74.7 (11.6) | |
| Depression items | 9.3 (4.9) | 12.7 (4.4) | |
| Mania items | 12.1 (4.3) | 14.0 (4.0) | |
| Baseline intelligence quotient | 79.1 (14.9) | 98.2 (12.8) | |
SD = standard deviation.
*
Unless otherwise indicated.