TPI 1818-101 and 1818-109 do not induce morphine-like liabilities of use. Mice were administered vehicle (10% DMSO in 0.9% saline, gray bar), morphine (10 mg/kg, white bar), TPI 1818-101 (5 mg/kg, green bar), or TPI 1818-109 (10 mg/kg, red bar) and activity determined for 90 min on a respiration rate and b locomotor effects. TPI-treated mice do not show significant a slowed respiratory function (breaths/min) or b excess locomotor activity (cm/min) when compared to vehicle-treated mice, as produced by morphine. Each bar represents eight mice. *Significant difference from the vehicle treated control group (p < 0.05 for A, p < 0.01 for B. †Significant difference from morphine treated mice (p < 0.01)