Table 2.

Quality of Life Effect Size.

Study	N Intervention Group	N Control Group	N Total	Effect Sizes
				Treatment - Control Analysisa	Pre-Post Analysisa
Group-format Interventions
Cadmus, 2009 (YES)	37	37	74	0.39	0.07
Campbell et al., 2005	10	9	19	2.37	0.74
Herrero et al., 2006	8	8	16	1.71	–
Kolden et al., 2002	40	n/a	40	–	0.36
Mutrie et al., 2007	82	92	174	0.24	0.27
Ohira et al., 2006	39	40	79	0.35	0.26
Pinto et al., 2003	12	6	18	0.6	0.36
Sandel et al., 2005	19	16	35	0.53	0.9
Schulz et al., 1998	28	n/a	28	–	0.61
Segal, et al., 2001	32	34	66	0	0
Turner et al., 2004	10	n/a	10	–	0.51
Individual-format Interventions
Cadmus, 2009 (IMPACT)	25	25	50	0.09	0.23
Courneya et al., 2003	24	26	52	1.7	0.49
Hughes et al., 2008	25	n/a	25	–	0.32
Kramer, 1996	13	n/a	13	–	1.02
McKenzie & Kalda, 2003	7	7	14	0	–
Pinto et al., 2005	39	43	82	0.33	0.15
Schwartz, 1999	27	n/a	27	–	-0.43
Total/ Mean	477	343	822	0.56 95% CI (.25, .87)	0.31 95% CI (.19, .43)

^aadjusted for small sample bias.