Table 1. Child and Family Characteristics: Descriptive Statistics by Condition.
| Non-incentive n = 291 |
Incentive n = 319 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) or % | M (SD) or % | χ2 or t (df) | p | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Parent gender (female/male) | 92/8% | 94/6% | 0.89 (1) | ns |
| Parent age | 32.03 (6.93) | 30.07 (6.70) | 4.12 (608) | .001 |
| Parent ethnicity (AA/EA/Other) | 35/60/5% | 61/33/6% | 45.84 (2) | .001 |
| Parent marital status (single/married) | 46/54% | 64/36% | 17.95 (1) | .001 |
| Parent employment (no/yes) | 37/63% | 32/68% | 1.35 (1) | ns |
| Family income | $29,425 ($13,784) | $22,371 ($12,246) | 5.05 (603)1 | .001 |
| Child gender (female/male) | 45/55% | 50/50% | 2.05 (1) | ns |
| Child age | 4.38 (0.83) | 4.43 (0.73) | -0.77 (608) | ns |
| Child and parent adjustment | ||||
| Child coping competence | -0.36 (3.35) | 0.39 (3.39) | -2.75 (608) | .01 |
| Child disruptive behavior – Intensity | 104.85 (27.75) | 101.53 (30.03) | 1.41 (608) | ns |
| Child disruptive behavior – Problem | 11.33 (7.41) | 11.36 (7.55) | -0.54 (608) | ns |
| Parenting stress | 85.80 (20.55) | 85.50 (22.40) | 0.17 (608) | ns |
| Parental satisfaction | 37.15 (6.78) | 37.64 (7.18) | -0.86 (608) | ns |
| Parental efficacy | 29.78 (5.01) | 30.66 (5.19) | -2.11 (608) | .05 |
1
Reduced degrees of freedom reflect the fact that some parents declined to report family income