Fig. 4A–F.

Surface colonization by S. aureus is shown. (A) Control cortical allograft was challenged for 6 to 24 hours with S. aureus and reincubated in TSB (A–C) or TSB in the presence of 10 μg/mL VAN (D–F) for an additional 3 hours. The micrographs show a gradual increase in biofilm generation and how it matures over time. Note the reticulate and characteristic honeycomb appearance entrenching most of the bacteria present and protecting them from solution antibiotics. Scale bar: 10 μm; arrows = bacterial clusters; asterisks = biofilm.