Increased brain VEGF protein and phosphorylation of VEGF receptor flk-1 occur prior to peak levels of CD8 T cell-mediated CNS vascular permeability. At 0, 2, 4, 12, and 24 h postadministration of VP2121–130 peptide, C57BL/6 mouse brains were assessed for (A) i.v.-injected FITC-albumin leakage into the CNS, (B) CNS VEGF protein levels, and (C) VEGF receptor, flk-1, phosphorylation. Four animals were assessed at each time point. *Denotes statistical significance with p < 0.05 when compared with 0 h baseline controls.