Figure 3. Aminoglycoside triggers for radical-mediated cell death.
The interaction between the aminglycoside and ribosome causes mistranslation and misfolding of membrane proteins. Incorporation of mistranslated, misfolded proteins into the cell membrane stimulates the envelope (Cpx) and redox-responsive (Arc) two-component systems. Activation of these systems perturbs cellular metabolism and the membrane potential (DY), resulting in the formation of lethal hydroxyl radicals. (Modified with permission from ref 10)