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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 May 28.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Cell. 2010 May 28;38(4):487–499. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.05.007

Figure 3. L-glutamine is required for rapamycin-mediated ATP maintenance in the absence of glucose.

Figure 3

A. TSC2-/- p53-/- MEFs were deprived of glucose, amino acids, or both with or without rapamycin.

B. Cell viability of cell with Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), L-glutamine, or total amino depletion.

C. Total cellular ATP levels were determined after 24 hours of glucose deprivation.

D. S6K-1 (T389) phosphorylation after 24 hours of deprivation.

E. L-glutamine was added to glucose and total amino acid deprived conditions at the time of deprivation, and viability was measured at 60 H post withdrawal.

F. A time course measuring the viability of TSC2-/- p53-/- MEFs grown in complete, (-) glucose, (-)Glu (-)AA, and (-)glu (-)AA plus 4mM L-glutamine media. The samples labeled with X were replenished with only glutamine (2mM) starting at 48 hours and replenished every 24 hours. The Rap X sample also got 20nM of rapamycin at 0 and 72 hours.

G. Phase images were taken at 3 days and 6 days with or without L-glutamine (2mM) retreatment in (-) glucose (-) amino acids conditions.

Shown is an average (+ SEM) of 3 independent experiments.