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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Microbiol. 2010 Jan 20;12(7):919–929. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01440.x

Figure 7. Model of SNX9 recruitment and activation during EPEC invasion.

Figure 7

A. After injection into the cytosol of epithelial cells, the translocated intimin receptor (Tir) is inserted into the plasma membrane, permitting it to interact with the EPEC surface protein intimin. Tir is known to recruit clathrin, leading to its accumulation at sites of EPEC attachment. B. The combination of EPEC-induced membrane curvature, clathrin assembly and PIP accumulation, all of which are documented to occur upon EPEC attachment, may provide a plasma membrane environment favorable to SNX9 recruitment. Under normal conditions, SNX9 recruits its binding partner dynamin to these membrane domains. C. EspF interacts with the SH3 domain of SNX9 subsequent to its membrane recruitment. EspF then outcompetes with dynamin for interaction with the SNX9 SH3 domain. D. The presence of multiple SNX9 binding domains permits EspF to bind up to three SNX9 molecules, inducing SNX9 oligomerization and increased membrane deforming activity. This, coupled with N-WASP-dependent actin polymerization by EspF, enhances EPEC invasion.