Table 1.

Mass loss of functionalized nanoparticles after the TGA process

	MPPTS		GPS
	Mass ratio	Mass loss (%)	Mass ratio	Mass loss (%)
Silica in ludox TM-40	0.491	14.16	0.460	13.83
	0.246	11.12	0.230	7.71
	0.123	7.36	0.115	5.85
Silica in self-made nanoparticle solution	0.123	7.18	0.115	5.52

Mass ratio represents the mass ratio of the reacting silane and silica; mass loss represents the mass loss percentage caused by the organic components after the functionalized nanoparticles are burnt by the TGA instrument