Table 2.
Least Square Means and 95% confidence intervals for clinical measures by race adjusted so that they represent the population from which the sample was drawn unaffected by over sampling for urinary incontinence and Black race. EPI Study clinic population (N=335). Analyses are adjusted for age (continuous), body mass index (continuous), vaginal parity (0, 1–2, ≥3), and diabetes.
| All White (n=145) | All Black (n=190) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LS Mean | 95% CI | LS Mean | 95% CI | ||
| URETHRAL FUNCTION | |||||
| Maximal Closure Pressure | 55.8 | (52.4, 59.2) | 68.0 | (63.4,72.6) | <0.0001 |
| Pressure increase with maximal contraction | 17.6 | (15.7,19.6) | 20.4 | (17.7,23.1) | 0.11 |
| URETHROVAGINAL SUPPORTS | |||||
| Urethral support; Q-tip angle | |||||
| Rest | −0.95 | (−2.8,0.85) | −2.3 | (−4.8,0.19) | 0.39 |
| Valsalva | 24.7 | (21.9, 27.4) | 23.4 | (19.7, 27.1) | 0.59 |
| Pelvic Muscle Contraction | −14.8 | (−16.7, −12.9) | −14.9 | (−17.5, −12.2) | 0.99 |
| Utero-vaginal Support | |||||
| Anterior Wall (Point Aa) | −1.2 | (−1.5, −0.99) | −1.0 | (−1.3, −0.68) | 0.27 |
| Apex (Point C) | −6.4 | (−6.7, −6.2) | −6.6 | (−6.9, −6.2) | 0.53 |
| Posterior Wall (Point B) | −1.2 | (−1.3, −1.1) | −1.1 | (−1.3, −0.93) | 0.57 |
| Hiatus Measurements | |||||
| Genital Hiatus at rest | 2.9 | (2.7, 3.0) | 2.9 | (2.7, 3.1) | 0.66 |
| Genital Hiatus with Valsalva | 3.4 | (3.2, 3.5) | 3.5 | (3.3, 3.6) | 0.48 |
| Vaginal Closure Force | |||||
| Rest | 3.6 | (3.3, 4.0) | 4.1 | (3.6,4.6) | 0.15 |
| Maximal contraction | 3.0 | (2.7,3.3) | 2.9 | (2.5,3.2) | 0.50 |
| URODYNAMICS | |||||
| Bladder Pressure | |||||
| Rest | 21.2 | (20.0, 22.4) | 23.6 | (22.0, 25.3) | 0.02 |
| Maximal Cough | 155.9 | (149.9, 161.9) | 174.4 | (166.2, 182.6) | 0.0004 |
| PVR | 40.7 | (34.8, 46.6) | 22.9 | (14.9, 31.0) | 0.0005 |
| CMG 1st urge | 198.4 | (185.5, 211.3) | 198.6 | (181.2, 216.1) | 0.98 |
| CMG max | 396.2 | (381.5, 410.9) | 376.1 | (356.0, 396.2) | 0.11 |
| Max flow | 29.9 | (27.9, 31.9) | 30.9 | (28.2, 33.7) | 0. 54 |
| Avg flow | 17.1 | (15.6, 18.6) | 19.2 | (17.2, 21.3) | 0.09 |
LS mean, least squares mean; CI, confidence interval; PVR, post void residual urine volume; CMG, cystometrogram