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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 6.
Published in final edited form as: Water Qual Expo Health. 2009 Feb 1;1(1):23–34. doi: 10.1007/s12403-009-0003-x

Table 5.

Frequencies, Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals for First and Second/Third Trimester Pregnancy Loss According to PCE Exposure

Number of Losses Number of Livebirths Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI) Multivariatea GEE Odds Ratio (95% CI)
First Trimester Losses
Cumulative PCE Exposure up to LMP (g)
>= 75th pctile 56 529 1.0 (0.7–1.3) 1.0 (0.7–1.4)
50th – < 75th pctile 51 530 0.9 (0.6–1.2) 0.8 (0.6–1.3)
25th – < 50th pctile 48 531 0.8 (0.6–1.2) 0.8 (0.5–1.2)
>0 – < 25th pctile 66 522 1.2 (0.9–1.6) 1.2 (0.8–1.7)
0 (Referent) 299 2796 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
Maximum Annual PCE Before LMP Year (g)
>= 75th pctile 50 449 1.1 (0.8–1.5) 1.1 (0.8–1.6)
50th – < 75th pctile 54 450 1.2 (0.9–1.6) 1.2 (0.9–1.8)
25th – < 50th pctile 34 454 0.7 (0.5–1.1) 0.6 (0.4–1.0)
>0 – < 25th pctile 63 437 1.4 (1.0–1.9) 1.6 (1.1–2.2)
0 (Referent) 319 3118 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
Average Monthly PCE Exposure During LMP Year (g)
>= 75th pctile 38 443 0.8 (0.5–1.1) 0.7 (0.5–1.1)
50th – < 75th pctile 34 441 0.7 (0.5–1.0) 0.8 (0.5–1.2)
25th – < 50th pctile 41 436 0.9 (0.6–1.2) 0.8 (0.5–1.2)
>0 – <25th pctile 57 423 1.2 (0.9–1.6) 1.3 (0.9–1.9)
0 (Referent) 350 3165 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
Second/Third Trimester Losses
Cumulative PCE Exposure up to LMP (g)
>= 75th pctile 14 529 1.0 (0.5–1.7) 0.8 (0.4–1.7)
50th – < 75th pctile 18 530 1.2 (0.7–2.1) 0.8 (0.4–1.7)
25th – < 50th pctile 20 531 1.4 (0.8–2.3) 1.3 (0.7–2.2)
>0 – < 25th pctile 10 522 0.7 (0.4–1.4) 0.7 (0.4–1.5)
0 (Referent) 77 2796 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
Maximum Annual PCE Before LMP Year (g)
>= 75th pctile 13 449 1.1 (0.6–2.0) 1.0 (0.5–2.1)
50th – < 75th pctile 13 450 1.1 (0.6–2.0) 0.9 (0.4–1.9)
25th – < 50th pctile 19 454 1.6 (0.9–2.6) 1.3 (0.7–2.3)
>0 – < 25th pctile 11 437 0.9 (0.5–1.8) 1.0 (0.5–1.9)
0 (Referent) 83 3118 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
Average Monthly PCE Exposure During LMP Year (g)
>= 75th pctile 8 443 0.6 (0.3–1.2) 0.6 (0.2–1.3)
50th – < 75th pctile 14 441 1.0 (0.6–1.8) 1.0 (0.5–1.9)
25th – < 50th pctile 12 436 0.9 (0.5–1.7) 0.6 (0.3–1.5)
>0 – < 25th pctile 9 423 0.7 (0.4–1.4) 0.7 (0.3–1.4)
0 (Referent) 96 3165 1.0 (----) 1.0 (----)
a

Controlled for maternal age, paternal age, maternal history of gynecologic infections, number of prior livebirths, and year of pregnancy