Cytokine levels in plasma of mice after infection with H44/76 or the lpxL1 or lpxL2 mutant. At 2 h (A) or 19 h (B) after infection with H44/76 or the lpxL1 or lpxL2 mutant, blood samples were taken from the mice. Cytokine levels in the plasma were determined with a six-plex Bio-Plex assay (Bio-Rad) containing beads for mouse IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, RANTES, and TNF-α. Data are expressed as means for three mice, and error bars indicate SEM. Asterisks indicate that the group that received an lpxL mutant was significantly different from the group that received the same dose of wild-type strain H44/76. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.