Table 2.

Outcomes at 30 Days by Change in Serum Creatinine Level

Outcome	Change in Serum Creatinine Levela		P Value	Unadjusted (95% CI)	Adjusted (95% CI)	p Value
	<0.3 mg/dL (n=16,482)	≥0.3 mg/dL (n=3581)
Inpatient costs, mean (SD), $b	3277 (10,178)	3255 (8893)	0.2	1.00 (0.90–1.11)	1.02 (0.92–1.13)	0.7
Readmission, No. (%)c	3402 (20.6)	784 (21.8)	0.01	1.09 (1.01–1.18)	1.10 (1.02–1.18)	0.02
Mortality, No. (%)d	1190 (7.2)	357 (10.0)	<0.001	1.41 (1.23–1.60)	1.53 (1.34–1.75)	<0.001

CI = confidence interval.

^aPatients with a change in serum creatinine ≥ 0.3 mg/dL during the index hospitalization were considered to have worsening renal function.

^bCosts adjusted to 2005 US dollars, excluding index hospitalization costs. Unadjusted and adjusted values represented by cost ratios.

^cCumulative incidence of all-cause readmission. Unadjusted and adjusted values represented by hazard ratios.

^dAll-cause mortality. Unadjusted and adjusted values represented by hazard ratios.