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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Apr 8;21(7):441–448. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.02.008

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic of TGFβ family signaling. (a) TGFβ and Activin form one subfamily that have separate receptors and antagonists, but common 2nd messenger Smads. (b) BMPs form a second subfamily with their own receptors and antagonists, as well as a different set of 2nd messengers. All receptor Smads dimerize with the common Smad (Smad4) and the complex translocates to the nucleus to alter gene transcription. MSTN, myostatin; LAP, latency protein; FST, follistatin; FSTL3, follistatin like-3; ALK, activin like kinase.