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Mechanism of glycogen branching. Panel 1, Glu464 acts as a general acid catalyst to protonate approximately the 7th glycosidic oxygen from a non-reducing end. Asp411, the attacking nucleophile, forms a glucosyl-enzyme intermediate. Panel 2, The substrate fragment can be transferred to the hydroxyl group at C6 of a glucose unit on the same or another chain for the 1→6 bond formation step. Panel 3, view of a glycogen branch point.
