Table 1.

Alcohol Dependence Items Used in the Study

DSM-IV symptoms		Individual items
Tolerance	T1	Found that the same amount had less effect
	T2	Needed to drink more to get same effect
Withdrawal	W1	Found yourself sweating heavily or shaking after drinking or the morning after
	W2	Heard or seen things that weren’t really there after drinking, or the morning after
	W3	Taken a drink to keep yourself from shaking or feeling sick either after drinking, or the morning after
Using more or for longer than intended	C1	Ended up drinking much more than you intended to
	C2	Found it difficult to stop drinking once you started
	C3	Kept on drinking for a longer period of time than you intended
Desire to quit/failed attempts to cut down or quit	FA	Wanted to or actually tried to cut down or stop drinking but found you couldn’t do it
Reduced activities	A1	Given up or cut down on activities or interests like sports or associations with friends, in order to drink
	A2	Stayed away from work or gone to work late because of drinking or a hangover
	A3	Lost ties with or drifted apart from a family member or friend because of drinking
Continued use despite consequences	U1	Continued to drink even though it was a threat to your health
	U2	Kept drinking even thought it caused you emotional problems
Great deal of time spent drinking or getting over effects	TM1	Spent a lot of time drinking or getting over its effects
	TM2	Hangover interfered with things supposed to do