Table 5. Adverse effects of vitamin C reported in the literature.

#	Type of Side Effect	Patient Details	Vitamin C Dose	Clinical Details		Outcome (and reference)
				Pre Vitamin C Treatment	Post Vitamin C Treatment
1	Acute Renal Failure	70 M	2.5g IV×1 dose	Creatinine 5.0	Flank pain, hematuria. Creatinine 10.	Permanent renal failure(24)
					Renal biopsy – Calcium oxalate crystals in tubular lumen
2		58 F	45g IV×1 dose	Nephrotic syndrome	Oliguria. Treated with dopamine and hemodialysis. After first dialysis plasma vitamin C 15.4mg/dl (0.87mM), oxalate 2.3mg/dl. Intractable ventricular fibrillation. Post mortem- intra tubular calcium oxalate crystals.	Died(22)
				Creatinine 0.8
3		61 M	60g IV×1 dose	Metastatic prostate cancer	Anuric. Creatinine 13.4. Plasma vitamin C 116.2mg/dl (6.6mM). Treated with nephrostomy and forced diuresis. Renal biopsy - acute tubular necrosis and extensive oxalate deposition	Recovered(23)
				Obstructive uropathy
				Creatinine 0.7
4	Hemolysis in Patients with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency	68 M	80g IV×2 days	Second degree burns of one hand	Hemoglobin 5.8. Retics 5.9%. Anuria, creatinine 13.8. Coma, hemiparesis, possible intravascular coagulation. Supportive treatment and hemodialysis.	Died on day 22(25)
5		32 M	40g IV 3×/wk 20–40g/day oral×1 month then 80g IV×1 dose	HIV	Breathlessness, fever, dark urine. Hemoglobin 6.7 Retics 15.6%. Bilirubin 3.16. Conservative treatment with high fluid intake	Recovered(26)

Normal ranges and units of measurement for laboratory values are: Serum creatinine - mg/dl (normal range 0.6–1.5mg/dl). Hemoglobin g/dl (normal range: male 13–18g/dl, female 12–16g/dl). Reticulocyte count in % (normal range 0.5–2.5% red cells). Plasma bilirubin- mg/dl (normal range <1mg/dl). Plasma vitamin C - mg/dl (normal range 0.6–2 mg/dl).