Table 3.

Univariate Cox proportional hazard modeling for predictors of mortality adjusted for age, gender and duration of diabetes

Variable	P value	H.R.	95% C.I.
Smoker	0.17	1.4	0.9–2.3
Hypertension	0.26	1.4	0.8–2.4
Obesity	0.33	0.8	0.5–1.3
Hyperlipidemia	0.71	0.9	0.4–1.9
Prior Malignancy	0.07	2.0	0.9–4.2
CVD	0.002	2.9	1.5–5.6
IHD	0.017	2.0	1.1–3.6
NAFLD	0.03	1.7	1.04–2.7

IHD = Ischemic Heart Disease, CVD=Cerebrovascular Disease. Hypertension defined as >135/85 or taking anti-hypertensive medication, Obesity defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m², Hyperlipidemia defined as elevated triglycerides (≥150 mg/dl), or low high density lipoprotein (HDL ≥40 mg/dl for men, ≥50 mg/dl for women) or taking lipid lowering medication.