Table 2.
Descriptive statistics and internal consistency (alpha) for all questionnaires for sample 1 (N = 779–805) and sample 2 (N = 799–801), for the total sample, and for girls and boys separately
| Total sample | Girls | Boys | Gender difference | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | Alpha | M | SD | M | SD | t | p | |
| Sample 1 | |||||||||
| Depression (CDI) | 8.0 | 6.3 | .87 | 8.3 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 5.9 | 1.7 | .084 |
| Trait anxiety (STAI-TC) | 30.5 | 7.9 | .91 | 31.6 | 8.0 | 28.9 | 7.4 | 4.7 | <.001 |
| Stress-reactive rumination (SRRS-C) | 16.7 | 5.1 | .88 | 17.2 | 5.2 | 16.0 | 4.8 | 3.2 | .002 |
| Worry (PSWQ-C) | 12.0 | 8.1 | .94 | 13.0 | 8.1 | 10.7 | 7.8 | 3.8 | <.001 |
| Emotion-focused rumination (CRSS) | 16.4 | 7.7 | .87 | 17.5 | 7.3 | 14.9 | 7.9 | 4.8 | <.001 |
| Age | 12.4 | 1.9 | – | 12.4 | 1.9 | 12.3 | 1.7 | 1.2 | .221 |
| Sample 2 | |||||||||
| Stress-reactive rumination (SRRS-C) | 16.7 | 4.8 | .82 | 17.1 | 5.1 | 16.2 | 4.5 | 2.8 | .005 |
| Worry (PSWQ-C) | 12.4 | 7.2 | .92 | 14.2 | 7.4 | 10.3 | 6.4 | 8.3 | <.001 |
| Emotion-focused rumination (CRSS) | 15.6 | 8.0 | .88 | 17.7 | 7.7 | 13.2 | 7.7 | 8.0 | <.001 |
CDI children’s depression inventory, STAI-TC Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory for children (trait version), SRRS-C stress-reactive rumination scale for children, PSWQ-C Penn state worry questionnaire for children, CRSS children’s response styles scale