Table 1.
Numerical data and descriptive characteristics
| Reference | Study duration | Study type | Mean age (years) | M/F ratio | F up rate | Mean time of follow-up (mo) | Number of followed frx | Proportion of comminuted frx (pcom) | Proportion of severe open frx (pse) | Prophylactic use of antibiotics | Soft tissue reconstruction | Bone graft rate | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruedi T, 1976[27] | 1966–72 | R | nd | nd | 94% | >12 | 95 | nd | 0.60 | 50% of cases | nd | nd | 4 |
| Jensen JS, 1977[15] | 1966–75 | R | 34 | 3.4 | 96% | 40.8 | 27 | 0.36 | 0.41 | Y | nd | nd | 4 |
| Kristensen K, 1979 [18] | 1968–76 | R | nd | nd | 82% | 12 | 23 | 0.70 | 0.30 | Y | nd | 8.7% | 5 |
| Langenberg, 1987 [19] | 1975–86 | R | 37 | 1.8 | 100% | Nd | 21 | 0.22 | 0.75 | nd | nd | nd | 5 |
| Clifford, 1988[5] | 4-year period | R | 29.2 | 5.8 | 88% | >12 | 97 | 0.75 | 0.62 | nd | Del. flap: 3 SSG: 30 del. clos.: 2 prim clos.: 27 gran.: 35 | nd | 5 |
| Vara-Thorbeck R, 1989 [31] | 1971–87 | R | nd | 2.2 | 100% | >12 | 50 | 0.52 | 0.35 | Y | nd | nd | 6 |
| Bach, 1989 [2] | 16-month period | P rand | 37 | 2.1 | 95% | >12 | 26 | nd | 1.00 | Y | Delayed closure/flap | 42.3% | 7 |
| Korovessis, 1992 [17] | 1984–86 | R | 35 | 10.5 | 97% | >12 | 44 | 0.59 | 0.14 | Y | 86.4% | 6 | |
| Bilat, 1994 [3] | 1980–84 | R | 36 | 1.8 | 96% | 79.0 | 42 | 0.63 | 0.71 | Y | nd | nd | 6 |
| Singh, 1997 [30] | 1989–90 | R | 35.2 | 5.7 | 99% | >12 | 37 | 0.54 | 0.41 | Y | nd | nd | 7 |
| Gopal, 2000 [12] | 1990–98 | R | 37 | 5.15 | 100% | >12 | 30 | 0.80 | 1.00 | Y | Immed flap: 10 early flap: 13 del. flap: 7 | 36.7% | 7 |
clos closure, del.: delayed, frx : fractures, gran.: granulation, immed.: immediate, M/F: male/female, nd: not documented, prim.: primary, P: prospective, R: retrospective, rand: randomized, SSG: split skin graft, Y: yes