Table 1.

Material properties of different anatomical structures of the FEM

Tissue	Zone	Model w/out biases		Model w/ biases
		Young’s modulus (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Young’s modulus (MPa)		Poisson’s ratio
				Concave	Convex
Growth Plate	Sensitive	12	0.4	12	12	0.4
	Newly formed bone	100	0.3	100	100	0.3
	Transition	300	0.3	300	300	0.3
Intervertebral disc	Nucleus	2	0.49	2	2	0.49
	Annulus	8	0.45	8 to 10	8	0.45
Vertebral body	Cortical bone	14,500	0.3	14,500	14,500	0.3
	Cancellous bone	400	0.3	400 to 429.6	400	0.3