Figure 1.

lap5 and lap6 mutants have defects in anther and pollen exine morphology. A to C, Compared with the wild-type (WT) anthers (A), anthers of lap5-1 (B) and lap6-1 (C) mutants appear glossy and do not easily shed pollen (arrowhead in A). D to I, SEM of pollen grains and exine. Wild-type grains (D and G) have a regular reticulate exine pattern, while lap5-1 (E and H) and lap6-1 (F and I) mutations cause pollen to collapse more easily and disrupt exine, changing the pattern or resulting in a more extensively covered surface. J to L, Similar to the wild type (J), lap5-1 (K) and lap6-1 (L) pollen does not demonstrate sensitivity to acetolysis. The lap6-1 grains, however, exhibit decreased reactivity to acetolysis-dependent staining. Bars = 100 μm (A–C), 10 μm (D–F and J–L), and 5 μm (G–I).