Table 1.
Characteristics of participants at enrollment and 6-week follow-up (N = 46)
| Characteristic | Enrollment | 6-week follow-up |
|---|---|---|
| Female [n (%)] | 33 (71.7) | |
| Age (years) | ||
| Mean (SD); range | 43.2 (13.7); 19.6–73.5 | |
| Time since injury (days) | ||
| Mean (SD); range | 5.7 (4.7); 0–19 | |
| WAD grade | ||
| I [n (%)] | 14 (30.4) | |
| II [n (%)] | 32 (69.6) | |
| Highest level of education [n (%)] | ||
| High school or less | 8 (17.4) | |
| Post-secondary or some university | 12 (26.1) | |
| Technical school graduate | 8 (17.4) | |
| University graduate | 18 (39.1) | |
| Income [n (%)] | ||
| $0–$49,999 | 24 (52.2) | |
| $50,000–$59,999 | 8 (17.4) | |
| $60,000–$79,999 | 4 (8.7) | |
| $80,000+ | 8 (17.4) | |
| Did not respond | 2 (4.4) | |
| Lawyer involvement in the claim (%) | 0 | 3 (8.7)b |
| Pain intensity, Mean (SD)a | ||
| Neck | 5.6 (2.1) | 2.9 (2.7) |
| Shoulder | 3.9 (3.0) | 2.5 (2.9) |
| Low back | 3.4 (3.2) | 2.5 (3.1) |
| Headache | 3.3 (3.2) | 1.8 (2.5) |
| Arm | 2.1 (2.7) | 1.7 (2.7) |
| WDQ score, Mean (SD) | 47.5 (29.5) | 31.2 (29.8) |
| General recovery question [n (%)] | ||
| Completely better | 8 (17.4) | |
| Much improved | 20 (43.5) | |
| Slightly improved | 13 (28.3) | |
| No change | 3 (6.5) | |
| Slightly worse | 0 | |
| Much worse | 1 (2.2) | |
| Worse than ever | 1 (2.2) | |
| Change in neck pain question [n (%)] | ||
| Very much better | 16 (34.8) | |
| Better | 14 (30.4) | |
| Slightly better | 13 (28.3) | |
| No change | 2 (4.3) | |
| Slightly worse | 1 (2.2) | |
| Worse | 0 | |
| Very much worse | 0 | |
SD standard deviation
aNumeric rating scale of 0–10 (0 no pain and 10 worst pain ever)
bOne participant refused to answer the question; therefore, the denominator for the proportion is 45