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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2010 Feb 11;34(8):1223–1233. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.02.002

Figure 4. The hippocampus is required for stress to modulate learning, even when learning itself is independent of the hippocampus (Bangasser and Shors, 2007).

Figure 4

Hippocampal lesions prevented the stress-induced enhancement of delay eyeblink conditioning in male rats (A) and the stress-induced impairment of conditioning in female rats (B). Data are represented as Mean ± SEM percentage of CRs over 600 training trials (150 trials per day).