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. 2010 Jul 8;341:c2986. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c2986

Table 1.

 Distribution of human papillomavirus seropositivity among control participants by age, education, smoking status, and sunlight related factors. Values are numbers (percentages)*

Variable Overall Men Women
Total Genus β positive Total Genus β positive Total Genus β positive
Overall 805 369 (46) 493 237 (48) 312 132 (42)
Age (years):
 25-34 5 1 (20) 2 1 (50) 3 0 (0)
 35-49 118 53 (45) 55 21 (38) 63 32 (51)
 50-54 59 28 (47) 37 18 (49) 22 10 (45)
 55-59 96 41 (43) 51 24 (47) 45 17 (38)
 60-64 111 49 (44) 79 34 (43) 32 15 (47)
 65-69 223 111 (50) 146 79 (54) 77 32 (42)
 70-74 193 86 (45) 123 60 (49) 70 26 (37)
Education:
 High school or technical school 376 170 (45) 224 108 (48) 152 62 (41)
 College 262 124 (47) 159 79 (50) 103 45 (44)
 Graduate or professional school 167 75 (45) 110 50 (45) 57 25 (44)
Smoking status:
 Never 276 125 (45) 130 66 (51) 146 59 (40)
 Former 399 186 (47) 279 133 (48) 120 53 (44)
 Current 130 58 (45) 84 38 (45) 46 20 (43)
Skin sensitivity†:
 Severe sunburn with blistering 43 19 (44) 21 10 (48) 22 9 (41)
 Painful sunburn followed by peeling 198 84 (42) 123 50 (41) 75 34 (45)
 Mild sunburn with some tanning 408 189 (46) 247 125 (51) 161 64 (40)
 Tan without sunburn 154 77 (50) 100 52 (52) 54 25 (46)
Lifetime No of painful sunburns:
 None 256 114 (45) 152 74 (49) 104 40 (38)
 1-2 231 104 (45) 132 64 (48) 99 40 (40)
 ≥3 309 147 (48) 202 96 (48) 107 51 (48)
Glucocorticoid use:
 No 737 336 (46) 462 222 (48) 275 114 (41)
 Yes 43 18 (42) 18 5 (28) 25 13 (52)
Reason for glucocorticoid use:
 Respiratory conditions and asthma 10 3 (30) 3 0 (0) 7 3 (43)
 Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disease 16 7 (44) 8 3 (38) 8 4 (50)
 Neoplasm/gastrointestinal disease 6 3 (50) 2 0 (0) 4 3 (75)
 Allergy 3 2 (67) 0 0 (0) 3 2 (67)
 Other/unknown 9 4 (44) 5 2 (40) 4 2 (50)

*Numbers may not sum to overall totals owing to missing data; two men had missing data for skin sensitivity, and seven men had missing data for number of sunburns; two women had missing data for number of sunburns; these participants were excluded from further analyses.

†Defined as reaction to one hour of sun exposure first time in summer.