Table 1.
Unadjusted and adjusted associations (past 30 days) between syringe use behaviors and study characteristics among San Francisco street-recruited injection drug users (N = 105), July 2007
| Characteristic | n (%) | Unadjusted odds of unsafe syringe acquisitiona OR (95% CI) | Adjusted odds of unsafe syringe acquisitiona OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted odds of injecting with a used syringe OR (95% CI) | Adjusted odds of injecting with a used syringe OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted odds of giving away a used syringe OR (95% CI) | Adjusted odds of giving away a used syringe OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted odds of unsafe syringe disposal OR (95% CI) | Adjusted odds of unsafe syringe disposal OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic | |||||||||
| Age | Median = 42 | 0.49 (0.22–1.11) | 0.45 (0.12–1.59) | 1.33 (0.28–6.29) | 0.82 (0.37–1.79) | ||||
| White race | 51% | 2.02 (0.90–4.53) | 4.31 (1.09–17.01) | 5.23b (1.08–25.21) | 5.87 (0.68–50.68) | 1.37 (0.63–2.97) | |||
| Female sex | 33% | 1.14 (0.48–2.68) | 0.92 (0.26–3.30) | 0.29 (0.03–2.50) | 1.16 (0.51–2.62) | ||||
| Monthly income > population median | Median = $900 | 0.63 (0.27–1.48) | 0.57 (0.16–2.03) | 0.88 (0.19–4.20) | 0.77 (0.34–1.74) | ||||
| Homeless | 71% | 2.95 (1.15–7.43) | 2.95b (1.15–7.43) | 4.44 (0.54–36.19) | 2.36 (0.27–20.60) | 8.91 (1.21–12.02) | 3.75b (1.41–9.95) | ||
| Self-reported infections | |||||||||
| HIV positive | 17% | 0.52 (0.19–1.45) | 1.64 (0.40–6.80) | 0.76 (0.09–6.77) | 0.62 (0.22–1.76) | ||||
| HCV positive | 64% | 1.62 (0.71–3.67) | 7.33 (0.91–59.29) | 1.46 (0.27–7.92) | 0.75 (0.34–1.67) | ||||
| Drug use | |||||||||
| Injection frequency | Median = 6 times/week | 2.15 (0.95–4.89) | 3.92 (1.00–15.46) | 1.48 (0.31–6.988) | 1.11 (0.51–2.42) | ||||
| Drug last injected = methamphetamine/speed | 35% | 1.33 (0.60–2.96) | 0.52 (0.15–1.86) | 1.48 (0.31–6.98) | 1.85 (0.85–4.03) | ||||
| Age at first injection | Median = 18 | 1.96 (0.87–4.43) | 0.82 (0.24–2.77) | 0.87 (0.18–4.10) | 1.35 (0.62–2.92) | ||||
| Fear of arrest for carrying paraphernalia | 44% | 1.04 (0.46–2.31) | 1.57 (0.45–5.52) | 0.23 (0.03–2.06) | 2.18 (0.98–4.83) | ||||
| Syringe sources | |||||||||
| Pharmacy | 39% | –c | –c | 2.00 (0.59–6.73) | 0.75 (0.14–4.09) | 1.45 (0.66–3.19) | |||
| Unsuccessful attempt to buy syringes at a pharmacy | 10% | –c | –c | 12.03 (2.81–52.01) | 12.00b (2.79–51.66) | 13.32 (1.13–65.17) | 9.32b (1.73–50.19) | 2.78 (0.68–11.41) | |
| Syringe exchange program (SEP) | 80% | –c | –c | <0.01 (0.00–0.01) | 0.18b (0.05–0.65) | 0.75 (0.14–4.09) | 0.15b (0.03–0.75) | <0.01 (0.00–0.01) | 0.17b (0.05–0.55) |
aNon-pharmacy and non-syringe exchange program syringe source
bAdjusted odds from the final model
cNot considered due to colinearity