Relevant National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) recommendations
Screening
NOF recommends testing of bone mineral density for: All men age 70 years or older Adults who have a fracture after age 50 Adults with a condition or taking a medicine associated with low bone mass or bone loss Anyone considered for pharmacologic therapy for osteoporosis Anyone being treated for osteoporosis, to monitor treatment effect Anyone not receiving therapy in whom evidence of bone loss would lead to treatment
Treatment
NOF recommends calcium (1,200 mg or greater daily) and vitamin D (800–1,000 IU daily) for all and consideration for treatment if age 50 or older and any of the following: History of hip or vertebral fracture T score 2.5 or less at the femoral neck or spine (secondary causes evaluated) Low T score at femoral neck or spine (−1.0 to −2.5) and either of the following: 10-year probability of a hip fracture 3% or greater by United States adapted WHO/FRAX algorithm 10-year probability of a major osteoporosis related fracture 20% or greater by United States adapted WHO/FRAX algorithm

Adapted from National Osteoporosis Foundation’s Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis.¹⁴