Table 3.

Costs and benefits of Copenhagen Accord through 2055

Region	Costs and benefits (billions of US dollars, discounted through 2055)
	Change in damages	Abatement costs	Permit purchases	Net costs
United States	−51	328	228	505
European Union	−56	160	171	276
Japan	−12	44	64	96
Russia	−5	92	−176	−89
Eurasia	−4	62	−150	−92
China	−52	655	−268	335
India	−54	185	−1	130
Middle East	−47	123	−134	−57
Africa	−41	0	0	−41
Latin America	−33	127	154	248
OHI	−18	96	48	126
Other	−42	188	64	209
World	−413	2,060	0	1,647

The table illustrates the regional asymmetry of the Copenhagen Accord. The estimates take the present value of abatement costs and averted damages using the capital-weighted international real interest rate. The last column is the sum of the first three columns. OHI, other high income.