Table 2.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in heart failure (HF)

Study	Data source	Number of HF patients	Mean age	Women (%)	African American (%)	Method to define CKD	Advanced CKD excluded	Prevalence of CKD
Heywood JT et al., 2007 [6]	ADHERE	118465	72	52	21	MDRD	No	64%
Fonarow GC, et al., 2007 [66]	OPTIMIZE	48612	73	52	18	? CRI	No	20%
Masoudi FA et al., 2005 [67, 68]	NHCP	62376	79	58	10	MDRD	No	67%
Ahmed A*	AHFP, 1994 [39]	1091	79	60	18	MDRD	No	68%
Ahmed A*	AHFP, 2001 [69]	8555	76	58	24	MDRD	No	65%
Hillege HL et al., 2006 [23, 65]	CHARM	2680	65	33	4	MDRD	Yes	36%
Khan NA et al., 2006 [70]	SOLVD	6440	60	14	12	MDRD	Yes	33%
Ahmed A et al., 2007 [18]	DIG	7788	64	25	15	MDRD	Yes	45%
Ahmed A*	BEST [71]	2707	60	22	23	MDRD	Yes	37%
Ahmed A*	EPHESUS [72]	6632	64	29	1	MDRD	Yes	34%
Ahmed A*	CHS [73]	262	75	52	20	MDRD	No	53%
Ahmed A*	FHS [74]	70	74	70	0	MDRD	No	74%
Ahmed A et al. 2008 [75]	REGARDS	357	65	65	59	MDRD	No	55%
McAlister FA et al., 2004 [44]	University Clinic	754	67	34	-		No	56%
Ezekowitz J et al., 2004 [21]	APPROACH	6427	69	35	-	C-G equation	No	39%
Bibbins-Domingo K et al., 2004 [76]	HERS	702	68	100	12	C-G equation	No	58%
Berger AK et al., 2007 [46]	Minnesota Heart Survey	2169	69	47	-	C-G equation	No	53%
Cowie MR et al., 2006 [19]	POSH	299	68	26	-	**	No	33%
Jose P et al., 2006 [77]	SAVE	1854	59	17	-	**	Yes	12%

AHFP=Alabama Heart Failure Project, C-G=Cockcroft-Gault, CKD=chronic kidney disease, CRI=chronic renal insufficiency (not defined), FHS=Framingham Heart Study, MDRD=Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, NHCP=National Heart Care Project,

^*Unpublished data, analysis performed by author (AA), using original data;

^**Change in serum creatinine >0.3 mg/dL