Changes in cerebral NAA and Cho levels over the 4-week treatment period in CDP-choline (n=16) and placebo (n=15)-treated MA-dependent patients. Cerebral NAA and Cho levels were corrected values. The p-values in each figure were calculated by F-test for the interaction between group and time in the GEE model. Error bars represent the standard errors. CDP-choline, cytidine-5′-diphosphate choline; MA, methamphetamine; NAA, N-acetyl-aspartate/N-acetyl-aspartyl glutamate; Cho, phosphocholine/glycerophosphocholine; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; GEE, generalized estimating equation.