Figure 3.
Cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate by taxadiene synthase involving ionization of the diphosphate with closure of the first ring, intramolecular transfer of a proton in the resulting verticillenyl cation to promote the second closure, and deprotonation of the resulting taxenyl cation to yield taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene (major product) and taxa-4(20),11(12)-diene (minor product).