Table 1.
Hyponatremia | Mechanism |
---|---|
Prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitors | Impair water excretion |
Phenothiazines | Release of ADH |
Tricyclics | Release of ADH |
Serotonin-reuptake inhibitors | Release of ADH or Potentiates renal ADH effect |
Opiate derivatives | Release of ADH |
Carbamazepine | Release of ADH |
Cyclophosphamide | Potentiates renal ADH effect |
Thiazides | Na loss, decrease distal fluid delivery, ADH release |
Desmopressin | V2R agonist |
Hypernatremia | |
Lithium | Decrease AQP-2 |
Vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists | Decrease cAMP |
Loop diuretics | Decrease diluting capacity |
Mannitol | Osmotic diuresis |