TABLE 3.
Results of Unadjusted and Adjusted Logistic Regression for the Likelihood of Clinically Eligible Women Not Using Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART): Women's Interagency HIV Study, 2005
| OR (95% CI) |
||||
| Model 1 | Model 2b | Model 3c | Model 4d | |
| Race/ethnicitya | ||||
| Non-Hispanic African American | 2.06* (1.39, 3.07) | 2.01* (1.22, 3.31) | 1.71 (0.89, 3.32) | 2.00* (1.21, 3.31) |
| Hispanic | 1.57* (1.02, 2.41) | 1.37 (0.80, 2.37) | 1.39 (0.69, 2.79) | 1.32 (0.76, 2.28) |
| Non-Hispanic White (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Crack, cocaine, or heroin use | ||||
| Only prior to study enrollment | 0.80 (0.53, 1.21) | 0.82 (0.54, 1.24) | 0.82 (0.54, 1.24) | |
| During study, but not currently | 1.33 (0.89, 1.98) | 1.38 (0.92, 2.07) | 1.34 (0.90, 2.01) | |
| Current use (within last 6 mo) | 1.07 (0.62, 1.84) | 1.11 (0.65, 1.91) | 1.02 (0.59, 1.77) | |
| Never (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Alcohol use | ||||
| Light | 1.39* (1.03, 1.89) | 1.37* (1.02, 1.86) | 1.42* (1.05, 1.93) | |
| Moderate | 1.72* (1.10, 2.70) | 1.70* (1.08, 2.66) | 1.71* (1.09, 2.67) | |
| Heavy | 2.29 (0.96, 5.47) | 2.27 (0.93, 5.51) | 2.24 (0.93, 5.41) | |
| None (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Insurance status | ||||
| Uninsured | 2.38* (1.52, 3.73) | 1.73 (0.43, 6.95) | 2.21* (1.39, 3.49) | |
| Private or CHAMPUS | 2.06* (1.25, 3.40) | 2.71 (0.65, 4.50) | 2.09* (1.26, 3.46) | |
| Medicare or other | 1.40 (0.49, 4.00) | 1.43 (0.50, 4.10) | 1.43 (0.50, 4.06) | |
| Medicaid or Medi-Cal (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| AIDS Drug Assistance Program | ||||
| Yes | 0.54* (0.34, 0.85) | 0.53* (0.34, 0.84) | 0.57* (0.37, 0.90) | |
| No (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||
| Probable (CES-D score ≥ 23) | 1.34 (0.99, 1.81) | 1.33 (0.98, 1.79) | 1.36* (1.01, 1.84) | |
| All others (CES-D score < 23) (Ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Race/ethnicity × insurance | ||||
| Non-Hispanic African American × uninsured | 1.38 (0.03, 5.99) | |||
| Non-Hispanic African American × private | 1.82 (0.64, 5.14) | |||
| Hispanic × uninsured | 1.40 (0.30, 6.64) | |||
| Hispanic × private | 0.18 (0.03, 1.17) | |||
| Non-Hispanic White × Medicaid (Ref) | 1.00 | |||
| Usual source of care | ||||
| Unknown | 1.70* (1.00, 2.90) | |||
| Physician or clinic | 0.74 (0.49, 1.11) | |||
| Emergency department or other (Ref) | 1.00 | |||
Note. CI = confidence interval; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; CHAMPUS = Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Service; OR = odds ratio.
Women of “other” racial/ethnic groups were not included in this analysis.
Model 2 included race/ethnicity; age; poverty status; education; employment; insurance coverage; crack, cocaine, or heroin use; alcohol use; HCV infection; CES-D indicator; and study site.
Model 3 included all the variables in model 2 plus the interaction terms for non-Hispanic African American × uninsured, non-Hispanic African American × private, Hispanic × uninsured, and Hispanic × private.
Model 4 included all the variables in model 2 plus a measure of usual source of care. Most of the women in the “unknown” category reported they had not seen a provider since their last visit 6 months ago, and therefore were not asked the question about usual source of care.
P ≤ .05.